Usos de materiales y energía en una tierra finita

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. This article examines the relationship between material resources and the energy transition needed to mitigate climate change. The Earth is an open system in terms of energy, but closed in terms of materials, which implies that its sustainable management is crucial. It is estimated that around 50% of the human energy system and 70% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are associated with materials management, which underlines the need for a new approach to materials management that limits the continued growth of resource extraction while promoting a circular economy. The article concludes with a reflection on the attitudes and actions needed for the post-fossil transition and the importance of education in this process. OBJECTIVE. To analyse the impact of material resources on the energy transition and to propose measures for a more sustainable management. METHOD. Theoretical research based on the analysis of reports and data on the use of material and energy resources. RESULTS. It was found that materials management is one of the main consumers of energy and constitutes one of the main sources of GHG emissions, and that moderation in its consumption and orientation towards the circular economy can significantly contribute to reducing them. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. In order to advance towards a post-fossil civilization, in addition to general awareness and a change in attitudes, a change in the structure of the energy system, new forms of financing and new resource management regulations adapted to the characteristics of renewable energies are required.