Entender la conducta suicida desde los vínculos de apego inseguro y el trauma infantil

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. This article analyzes the bonds of insecure attachment with parents and/or primary caregivers and childhood trauma experiences, as factors that increase the risk of suicidal behavior in adolescents. OBJECTIVE. The objective was to explore the relationship of early experiences of insecure attachment and childhood trauma, with the behavior of suicidal risk in a group of 10 adolescents from 13 to 18 years old, patients of the Hospital General Enrique Garcés in Quito, Ecuador. METHOD. A mixed methodology was used that included a semi-structured interview to adolescents participants about their suicide attempts, as well as two measuring instruments: the ACE Questionnaire (Adverse Childhood Experiences) and the ASA (Attachment Script Assessment). RESULTS. Regarding the experiences of childhood trauma in the population studied, it was found that the most significant risk factors are physical and psychological abuse as well as parents and/or caregivers negligence. In addition, it was found that the insecure attachment is related to the suicidal attempts of the participants. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS. It is concluded that insecure attachment bonds and childhood trauma experiences increase the probability of suicide in the adolescents studied. These findings are discussed according to the literature about the subject.